Advancing Bio-Realistic Modeling via the Brain Modeling ToolKit and SONATA Data Format One of the major goals of the BRAIN Initiative is to distill complex, multi-modal data into predictive frameworks via theory/modeling. As the planning document "BRAIN 2025: A Scientific Vision" urges, “theory and modeling should be woven into successive stages of ongoing experiments, enabling bridges to be built from single cells to connectivity, population dynamics, and behavior.” However, data-driven, bio-realistic modeling is not widely practiced, in part because the field needs software supporting such complex modeling and standards for model sharing and reproducibility. The Allen Institute has developed two powerful tools addressing these needs. One is the Brain Modeling ToolKit (BMTK) – a software suite for model building and simulation at multiple levels of resolution, from networks of biophysically detailed neuronal models, to point-neuron networks, to population-statistics approaches. The other one is the SONATA (Scalable Open Network Architecture TemplAte) data format, which provides computationally efficient solutions for storing and exchanging data describing all stages of the modeling workflow (e.g., structure of model networks, configuration of simulations, simulation outputs). These tools were developed in coordination with many initiatives, such as NEURON, NEST, Neurodata Without Borders, NeuroML, PyNN, NetPyNE, and the Human Brain Project. As a result, BMTK and SONATA enable many applications and have generated substantial interest, with many users already employing these tools. Most recently, BMTK and SONATA were instrumental in integrating diverse data from the Allen Institute and from the literature into some of the most sophisticated and bio-realistic models of a brain region to date. We propose to build a comprehensive user support and dissemination platform for BMTK and SONATA and help integrate these tools into model building and simulation practices in the community. In addition, the Allen Institute team joins forces with a University of Illinois team that developed a widely used molecular visualization software VMD. By integrating this software with SONATA, we will leverage its powerful existing capabilities to offer a free, highly efficient visualization tool for neuroscience modeling. Together, these tools will facilitate free exchange and reproducibility of models and support sophisticated modeling work – especially in cases of large-scale biologically realistic models relying on systematic integration of experimental data – for novice and expert users alike. These contributions will advance the BRAIN Initiative’s priority areas of Theory and Data Analysis and Integrated Approaches and will strongly facilitate FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse of digital assets) in neuroscience modeling.

This proposal seeks to build a comprehensive user support and dissemination platform for our recently developed powerful software tools that facilitate many aspects of modeling in neuroscience. These tools include the Brain Modeling ToolKit (BMTK) software suite for model building/simulation and the SONATA file format for efficient storage of model and simulation data, both developed at the Allen Institute, as well as the visualization software integrated with SONATA, developed at the University of Illinois. With appropriate user support and dissemination, these tools will facilitate sophisticated modeling work as well as model exchange and reproducibility, contributing to the BRAIN Initiative’s priority areas of Theory and Data Analysis and Integrated Approaches and promoting FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse of digital assets) in neuroscience modeling.