This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The critical role of the cellular autophagy pathway in viral infection and pathogenesis has become increasingly apparent. Mounting evidences suggest that viruses have developed different strategies to meticulously modulate intracellular autophagy for their own benefits, thereby either promoting efficient viral replication or facilitating viral persistence. While our understanding of these strategies is still in its incipient stage, recent advances demonstrate that gamma herpesvirus Bcl-2 homolog (vBcl-2), which protects virus-infected cells from apoptosis, also suppresses cellular autophagy pathway through its direct interaction with autophagy protein Beclin1. Intriguingly, vBcl-2 has evolved to harbor the enhanced anti-autophagic activity compared to its host counterpart, suggesting an important role of cellular autophagy in response to viral infection and virus-associated pathogenesis. AIDS related.