DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In this application, we propose to extend our successful CAPS-Fogarty Visiting Scientists Program through a strategic partnership with our long-time Brazilian collaborator, the Centro de Estudos de AIDS do Rio Grande do Sul (CEARGS) in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), an NIMH-funded center grant for AIDS prevention and epidemiologic studies at the University of California, San Francisco, is just entering our fourth five-year funding cycle. Our CAPS-Fogarty Visiting Scientists Program has a 13-year history of successfully training 100 scientists from 34 developing countries in HIV prevention research and launching in-country research projects. In our proposed ICOHRTA Brazilian Scientists? Program, we will focus on the design of AIDS intervention research studies by Brazilian visiting scientists at CAPS. We will also extend the scope and depth of in-country training through CEARGS in Brazil. Specifically, in Years 1-3, two Brazilian visiting scientists will design pilot intervention research projects during a summer intensive training program at CAPS, and we will subsequently fund their in-country pilot studies. In Years 4 and 5, these six individuals will return to CAPS to one of two writing sabbaticals to analyze their data and to prepare scientific manuscripts. At CEARGS, an established affiliate of CAPS, we will train eight Brazilian scientists per year in Years 1-3 in basic AIDS prevention and epidemiologic research methods and fund smaller scale pilot studies. In Years 4 & 5, we will assist in their data management and analysis and scientific writing. CAPS and CEARGS will work in a fully integrated fashion throughout the grant period. We have designed our aims and activities to complement our existing affiliation with the Fogarty International Training and Research Program at the School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, as well as UCSF faculty international research and training projects that are underway or in development. Our overall goal is to create self-sufficient research scientists in Brazil who are capable of designing and implementing AIDS intervention research independently or in collaboration with U.S. investigators.